đồi thị

Một lát cắt não người cho thấy đồi thị nằm ở trung tâm.

Definition

1. Noun (Anatomy):
   • Thalamus: A major structure in the brain, located at the top of the brainstem. It acts as a central relay station, processing and transmitting most sensory information (except smell) to the cerebral cortex. It also plays a crucial role in regulating consciousness, sleep, and alertness.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Tổn thương ở đồi thị có thể gây rối loạn cảm giác. (Damage to the thalamus can cause sensory disorders.)
  • Đồi thị là một phần của não trung gian. (The thalamus is part of the diencephalon.)
  • Thông tin thị giác được truyền qua đồi thị trước khi đến vỏ não. (Visual information is relayed through the thalamus before reaching the cerebral cortex.)

Advanced Usage

• "Hội chứng đồi thị" (Thalamic syndrome): A condition resulting from a stroke or lesion in the thalamus, often characterized by severe, chronic pain on one side of the body, sensory loss, and motor disturbances.
  • Bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán mắc hội chứng đồi thị sau cơn đột quỵ. (The patient was diagnosed with thalamic syndrome after a stroke.)

Variants and Related Words

• Não trung gian (Diencephalon): The region of the brain that contains the thalamus, hypothalamus, and other structures.
• Vùng dưới đồi (Hypothalamus): A structure located below the thalamus, responsible for regulating body temperature, hunger, thirst, and hormonal functions.

Synonyms

• Thalamus: The direct and most common English equivalent.

Related Terms

• Chất trắng (White matter): Nerve fibers that connect the thalamus to other brain regions.
• Chất xám (Grey matter): The tissue containing neuronal cell bodies, which includes the nuclei of the thalamus.
• Cổ điển đồi thị (Classical thalamic nuclei): Specific groups of neurons within the thalamus with distinct functions.